Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 25;15(1):31171. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-16639-5.
ABSTRACT
Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric populations worldwide. This study examines cerebral oxygenation (StO2) in children with LRTIs using Time-Domain Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (TD-NIRS) device (PIONIRS S.r.l., Milan, Italy), a non-invasive tool that allows for measurement of cerebral StO2in real-time. An observational case-control study was conducted, including 60 participants: 30 patients with LRTIs and 30 age and sex matched controls. We evaluated the correlation between cerebral StO2 and various clinical and physiological parameters and we used a multivariate logistic regression analysis explore predictors of LRTI. Cerebral StO2 was one of the key and independent predictors of LRTIs (OR = 0.45, p = 0.002) suggesting it could be an additional parameter to record for better assessing the condition of LRTI patients. These findings highlight the role of TD-NIRS in providing deeper insights into brain oxygenation in pediatric patients, independent of peripheral measurements such as peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2).
PMID:40851074 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-16639-5
