Interv Cardiol Clin. 2024 Jul;13(3):439-450. doi: 10.1016/j.iccl.2024.02.003. Epub 2024 Mar 19.
ABSTRACT
Chronic venous obstructions resulting from indwelling lines, surgery and instrumentation, and congenital anomalies are increasingly common in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) and other chronic illnesses. Venous obstruction results in threatened long-term vascular access and congestive symptoms. Endovascular therapies are safe and can be effective at rehabilitating obstructed and even occluded veins. The risk of recurrent obstruction is high, however. Post-rehabilitation monitoring and anticoagulation therapy are important, and reinterventions are common. Here, the authors describe techniques to address a variety of venous obstruction lesions that may be encountered in CHD patients and provide illustrative cases.
PMID:38839176 | DOI:10.1016/j.iccl.2024.02.003
