Front Neurol. 2025 Apr 28;16:1550023. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1550023. eCollection 2025.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a significant clinical phenotype of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)-associated disease, which is characterized by disturbances in GABAergic inhibitory neurotransmission. Efgartigimod, a neonatal crystallizable fragment receptor antagonist, controls the trafficking and recycling of pathogenic anti-GAD immunoglobulin G, showing promise as a therapeutic target.
METHODS: We present a case report involving the treatment of three patients affected by GAD-seropositive autoimmune encephalitis with efgartigimod. The patients’ overall disability was assessed using the modified Rankin scale.
RESULTS: After 4 weeks of efgartigimod treatment, the patients demonstrated substantial improvements, including no dementia or behavioral abnormalities and well-controlled seizures.
DISCUSSION: Our findings suggest that efgartigimod is a potential candidate drug for the treatment of anti-GADassociated autoimmune encephalitis, particularly in patients presenting with TLE.
PMID:40356636 | PMC:PMC12066553 | DOI:10.3389/fneur.2025.1550023
