J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2024 Jul-Sep 01;38(3):280-289. doi: 10.1097/JPN.0000000000000828. Epub 2024 Jul 29.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study aimed to longitudinally investigate the preterm infant feeding regimens, feeding behaviors, effect on infant growth, and caregiver perceptions and experiences with feeding in the first 4 weeks following hospital discharge.
BACKGROUND: Preterm infants face high nutritional risk due to their underdeveloped gastrointestinal systems and feeding coordination.
METHODS: Caregivers of preterm infants were recruited to participate in a weekly telephone survey for the first 4 weeks following the infant’s hospital discharge. Responses for infant feeding behaviors and caregiver experiences were scored on a 3-point Likert scale. Growth and feeding data were collected from the infant’s first neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) developmental follow-up visit.
RESULTS: Twenty-four caregivers completed the study. Changes in feeding regimens were common (8/24 infants; 33%), with the percentage of infants receiving any human milk feedings decreasing from 70% at hospital discharge to 54% at 4 weeks post-discharge. Poor infant feeding skills were weakly associated with poor caregiver feeding experiences, and 46% of caregivers reported contacting their healthcare provider with feeding-related questions. Thirty-eight percent of infants required nutritional intervention at NICU developmental follow-up visit. Infants who received fortified feedings during the first 4 weeks after hospital discharge grew an average of 2.5 g/day faster than infants who did not receive fortified feedings.
CONCLUSION: The postdischarge period for preterm infants is characterized by feeding regimen changes, a decrease in human milk use, and caregiver questions about feeding.
IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE AND RESEARCH: Future studies should further investigate the period after hospital discharge to enable better feeding support for preterm infants and their caregivers.
PMID:39074326 | DOI:10.1097/JPN.0000000000000828
