Hepatology. 2025 Apr 22. doi: 10.1097/HEP.0000000000001357. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AIMS: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in children, but its long-term outcomes are poorly understood. This study aimed to quantify mortality rates, identify causes of death, and evaluate the incidence of cirrhosis and extrahepatic outcomes in children with pediatric-onset MASLD.
APPROACH RESULTS: The Longitudinal InVestigation Evaluating Results of Steatosis (LIVERS) study is a single-center, retrospective cohort study conducted at Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego. We included 1,096 children aged 2-18 years who were diagnosed with MASLD between 2000 and 2017 and followed for a mean of 8.5 years. Mortality was ascertained via the National Death Index, and comorbidities were assessed through follow-up research visits and medical records. Overall, 3.4% of children died, yielding a mortality rate of 398 per 100,000 person-years; nearly half of these deaths were liver-related. Male sex and lower high-density lipoprotein levels independently predicted increased mortality risk. The cumulative incidence of cirrhosis was 4.7%. High incidence rates of extrahepatic comorbidities were observed, including dyslipidemia (3,664 per 100,000 person-years), hypertension (1,901), obstructive sleep apnea (1,185), and type 2 diabetes (911).
CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric MASLD is associated with significant premature mortality and a substantial burden of hepatic and extrahepatic comorbidities. These findings highlight the need for timely screening, early intervention, and long-term management strategies to improve outcomes for children with MASLD.
PMID:40262118 | DOI:10.1097/HEP.0000000000001357
