Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2026 Apr 20:e0043125. doi: 10.1128/mmbr.00431-25. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
SUMMARYRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) continues to be a significant global health concern, particularly affecting infants, young children, and older adults. Although the virus was discovered decades ago, a complete cure remains elusive. RSV is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections, contributing to significant illness and mortality around the world. Recent scientific advances have brought promising developments in the fight against RSV. Progress in vaccine technology has led to the approval and distribution of preventative vaccines, particularly for high-risk groups. Monoclonal antibodies, designed to target and neutralize the virus, are used both to prevent and treat infections. Antiviral treatments, though still limited, are also showing potential in reducing disease severity and duration. Advanced animal and controlled human infection models have bolstered preclinical and clinical research, allowing for the testing and refinement of therapeutic candidates in more physiologically relevant systems. These models are playing a crucial role in understanding disease mechanisms and evaluating the efficacy of new interventions. As the field rapidly evolves, it is essential to pause and assess our current standing in the fight against RSV. In many ways, we are finally catching our breath-equipped with better tools and a deeper understanding, yet still facing the challenges of a persistent and complex virus. Continued innovation, investment, and global collaboration will be essential to translate these developments into widespread therapy for those most vulnerable to RSV.
PMID:42007710 | DOI:10.1128/mmbr.00431-25
