J Adolesc Health. 2025 Aug 6:S1054-139X(25)00241-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2025.06.001. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Access to gender-affirming medical care (GAMC) is associated with improved mental health outcomes for gender diverse youth (GDY), but to date 26 states have banned GAMC. This study aimed to understand the experiences of parents of GDY living in these states.
METHODS: Parents were recruited through a listserv for a community organization providing support for families of GDY. The survey contained open-ended questions about living in a state with legislation banning GAMC. Responses were analyzed via reflexive thematic analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 130 parents from 19 states completed the survey. Most (76.0%) identified as female. More than 10% moved from their state due to legislative restrictions. Participants shared experiencing immense burdens associated with living in states with restrictions on GAMC for minors. Five themes and 16 subthemes were identified related to financial stress, mental health effects, feeling abandoned by medical providers, fear of legal consequences, and determination to ensure their children continue to be able to access GAMC.
CONCLUSION: This study underscores significant challenges and stressors experienced by families of GDY, who already likely experienced minority stress and subsequent negative health effects, as they navigate care for their children. While they often remain hopeful that their struggle will be temporary, many voiced fears of future policies that further limit their ability to provide for their child’s needs and worry for other families who are unable to find care. Legislative restrictions on GAMC may be associated with worsened health outcomes for parents in addition to their GDY.
PMID:40767804 | DOI:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2025.06.001
