Clin Exp Dermatol. 2025 Jun 11:llaf256. doi: 10.1093/ced/llaf256. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) seems to be more prevalent in patients with Down syndrome (DS), with earlier onset, higher incidence in females, and increased body mass index (BMI) in these individuals.
OBJECTIVES: To describe the demographic, clinical characteristics, and severity of HS in children with DS and compare them to DS-non-HS patients.
METHODS: A retrospective, observational, 5-year study of children (<18 years) with DS at Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús.
RESULTS: HS was diagnosed in 32 of 116 DS patients. The median age at onset was 13 years, with 53.1% female, and a median BMI of 24.4kg/m². The most common phenotype was follicular (46.9%), and the majority (84.4%) had mild disease (Hurley I). The groin (75%) and buttocks (65.6%) were the most affected areas. Treatment mainly involved topical and oral antibiotics, with 9.4% undergoing surgery. Significant differences were observed across phenotypes in sex distribution, HS lesion location, and surgical rates. Compared to DS-non-HS patients, our data report higher BMI, and greater association with the follicular occlusion tetrad. The limitations of this study include its retrospective nature, small sample size, and data collected from a single center.
CONCLUSIONS: HS in children with DS is characterized by an early onset, higher BMI, predominance of follicular phenotype, and mild severity.
PMID:40498928 | DOI:10.1093/ced/llaf256
